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Combining Ability Analysis For Earliness, Yield and its component in 7X7 Half Diallel Cross in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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El-Refaey, R, A.1 ; A. A. Hammada2 and M. A. Habouh3
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1Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 2Wheat Reasearch Department, Field Crop Research Institute, ARC, 3Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Egypt.
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tfouda@yahoo.com
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Field experiments were carried ou at the experimental farm of El-GemmeizaAgricultural Research station, El-Garbia Governorate, Egypt during the two growing seasons of 2008/09 and 2009/10. Seven genotypes i.e., Koru, Gemmeiza 9, IBTA, Sakha 93, Roland, Rumorosa and Athos were crossed in half-diallel mating design in the first season. In the second season, the 28 obtained genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete blocks design in three replications. Mean squares of GCA and SCA were highly significant for all traits, indicating the presence of both additive and non-additive type of gene action. The ratio of GCA/SCA mean squares were more than unity for all traits, indicating that these traits are predominantly controlled by additive and additive x additive gene effects. The parental genotypes; Koru, Roland, Rumorosa and Athos were found to be good combiners for most earliness attributes i.e, days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling period and grain filling rate. While Sakha 93, Gemmeiza 9 and Roland had highly significant positive estimated of ( ) for no. of spikes/plant, no. of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield/plant. Significant inter and intera-allelic interaction in negative direction was found in the crosses; Koru x Gemmeiza 9 and Koru x Rumorosa for most earliness attributes; Gemmeiza 9 x Rumorosa for days to heading and grain filling rate; Gemmeiza 9 x Athos for days to maturity and grain filling rate and the cross; Rumorosa x Athos for days to heading and grain filling rate.
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الاحتياجات المعرفية المائية للمرأة الريفية بمحافظة الغربية
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1د/ منال الخزرجي، 2د/ عصام محمد إبراهيم البعلي
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1 مدرس الارشاد الزراعي بكلية الزراعة جامعة طنطا 2 رئيس وحدة بحوث الارشاد الزراعي والتنمية الريفية بالجميزة
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elbaaly1978@yahoo.com
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نظراً لأهمية الماء كأحد مكونات البيئة وأهم محدد للتوسع الأفقي في مصر ومحدودية هذا المورد، وما يتعرض له من اهدار واستنزاف وتلوث، وتناقص مستمر لنصيب الفرد من الماء العذب في مصر، ولأهمية دور المرأة الريفية في الاستخدام المنزلي والحقلي للمياه، استهدف هذا البحث التعرف على الاحتياجات المعرفية المائية للريفيات فيما يتعلق بترشيد المياه المنزلية وحمايتها من التلوث، والاحتياجات المعرفية المائية للريفيات فيما يتعلق بترشيد مياه الري الحقلي وحمايتها من التلوث. حيث تحدد مركز طنطا بمحافظة الغربية كمجال جغرافي لإجراء هذه الدراسة، وحددت شاملة البحث باعتبارها تتألف من المرأة الريفية الحائزة لأرض زراعية، وتم اختيار أربع قري هي: شوني ومحلة مرحوم والرجدية وميت السودان، وتم اختيار 100 مبحوثة من كل قرية ليصبح اجمالي العينة العشوائية 400 مبحوثة. حيث تم جمع البيانات من خلال الاستبيان بالمقابلة الشخصية. واستخدمت التكرارات والنسب المئوية والمتوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري لوصف البيانات.
وقد أسفرت نتائج الدراسة على الاتي:
1. أن 59.25% من إجمالي الريفيات المبحوثات احتياجاتهن المعرفية لترشيد المياه المنزلية منخفضة.
2. أن ما يقرب من ثلثي الريفيات المبحوثات احتياجاتهن المعرفية لحماية المياه المنزلية من التلوث منخفضة حيث بلغت نسبتهن 66.5% من إجمالي العينة.
3. أن معظم الريفيات المبحوثات احتياجاتهن المعرفية لترشيد مياه الري منخفضة حيث بلغت نسبتهن 91.25% من إجمالي العينة.
4. أن ما يقرب من ثلثي الريفيات المبحوثات احتياجاتهن المعرفية لحماية مياه الري من التلوث منخفضة حيث بلغت نسبتهن 66.75% من إجمالي العينة.
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A SOLAR DRYER PERFORMANCE OF BASIL LEAVES UNDER FAYOUM CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
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H. S. Abdel-Galil* A. T. Imbabi** T. KH. Abdel-Kader***
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Prof. of Agric. Eng., – Fac. of Agric. – Fayoum University.
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tfouda@yahoo.com
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Two similar solar drying units were used for drying basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) at initial moisture content of 590.73% (d.b) or 85.52% (w.b) under Fayoum conditions by using heated air. Each unit consists of a flat-plate solar collector, which oriented and tilted with an optimum tilt angle and attached with drying chamber. The drying experiments were carried out to examine the effect of basil leaves thicknesses (2, 4 and 6 cm) and airflow rate (0.015 and 0.025 m3.sec-1) on the basil leaves drying rate. The obtained results indicated that the daily average total solar radiation flux incident on the tilted solar collector surface (29.30MJ. m-2.day-1) was greater than that incident on the horizontal surface (24.30 MJ.m-2.day-1) by 24.58%. The output higher air temperatures were obtained at the lower airflow rate whereas; the energy gained to the air from the solar collector was relatively higher at the higher airflow rate as compared with the lower airflow rate. Consequently, the solar collector with the higher airflow rate increased the overall thermal efficiency by 5.46% as compared to the lower airflow rate. The moisture content of dried basil leaves was strongly affected by the basil leaves thickness and the airflow rate. The final moisture content of dried basil leaves ranged from (11.52% to 14.58% d.b) depending on the drying temperature cycle. Very small changes were observed in the colour and shape of heated-air dried basil leaves as compared to that dried at direct sun rays.
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Studies of some agricultural practices with different seeding rates on wheat
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El-Seidy E. H. , U. A. Abd El-Razek , E. A. Rashwan and T. M. Abd Allah
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Department of Agronomy, Fac. of Agric., Tanta University
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usama20012001@gmail.com
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BY
El-Seidy E. H. , U. A. Abd El-Razek , E. A. Rashwan and T. M. Abd Allah
* Department of Agronomy, Fac. of Agric., Tanta University.
Two field experiments were conducted at the farm of Kuotor - EL- Gharbia Governorate during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons to study the effect of five sowing methods [Khadir method, Afir method (the traditional method applied by most farmers), Drilling method in rows in flat land, Beds method and Pyramid (E and A) method] and three seeding rates (40, 60 and 80 kg seeds/fad.) on yield and yield components on wheat. Pyramid (E and A) sowing method was better for growing wheat plants and gradually increased grain yield/fad than Khadir, Afir, Drilling and Beds method (5.57, 4.35, 3.15 and 3.15%) in the combined data, respectively. the interactions between Pyramid and seed rates 60 kg/fad recorded the highest yield and its components as compared with Khadir, Afir, Drilling and Beds.
Key words: wheat, sowing methods, grain yield and its components and seeding rates.
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الروابط المتبادلة بين النظم الايكولوجية الزراعية وتغير المناخ
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الاستاذة الدكتورة / نبيله شاهين حسن
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استاذ بيئة وفسيولوجيا النبات – كلية الزراعة –جامعة طنطا
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medo_y4k20005@yahoo.com
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اصبحت التغيرات المناخية التي تكتنف كوكب الارض الشغل الشاغل لسكان الكوكب-وقد لوحظ خلال العقود الاخيرة ان مناخ الكرة الارضية قد انتابه تغيرات متسارعة نتجت عن ارتفاع متوسط درجة حرارة الارض وترتبت عليها العديد من الاثار السلبية نتيجة ازدياد تركيز غازات الصوبة ، وكان لتغير مناخ الكرة الارضية آثار سلبية وهي اثار ملحوظة علي الانشطة الزراعية والموارد المائية وعلي التنوع البيولوجي .
ومما لا شك فيه ان تغير المناخ يؤثر علي النظم الايكولوجية الزراعية والري بل ان هناك روابط متبادلة بينها فعلي سبيل المثال يؤثر تغير المناخ علي انتاجية المحاصيل وجودتها وعلي خريطة التوزيع الجغرافي ومواعيد زراعة المحاصيل وعلي انتشار بعض الآفات الزراعية – وتعريه اكبر للتربة وزيادة معدلات التصحر – كما يتأثر التنوع البيولوجي والعمليات الحيوية والتفاعلات الكيماوية في الارض – وارتفاع سطح البحر سوف يؤدي الي تدهور نوعية المياه الجوفية بالإضافة الي غمر مساحات كبيرة من الاراضي بالمياه المالحة – ايضاً يتأثر الانتاج السمكي من ارتفاع حرارة المياه وقلة الاكسجين والتأثير علي البلانكتون – ويتأثر الانتاج الحيواني مع إمكانية اختفاء سلالات ذات اهمية وقد اكد علماء المناخ ان ربع الاجناس النباتية والحيوانية تقريباًيواجه الانقراض بحلول منتصف القرن الحالي وأكثر الكائنات تأثراً هي الثديات – ويترتب علي الظواهر السابقة وغيرها تأثيرات اقتصادية واجتماعية عديدة .
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WEEDING AND FERTILIZING MANGEMENT FOR KENAF CROPS
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Amina ALBEBANY,
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General administration of plant quarantine –Alexandria Ministry of Agriculture Corresponding author
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amena2015@yahoo.com
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The experimental work was carried out through agricultural summer season of 2014 at the experimental farm of Gemmiza Research Station, Gharbiya governorate to study the effect of fertilizing doses and weeding methods on quality and productivity of fiber crops (Kenaf )in small farms. The fertilization and weeding management was studied as a function of change in fertilizing rates (30,45 and 60 Kg.N.fed-1),and constant soil moisture content was 20%(d.b) in average. Crop yield and operational costs as a machine measurements affected by change in fertilizing rates and weeding index .The experiment results reveled that the machine forward speed on hourly costs, it was clear that Data obtained showed that increasing the forward speed from 2.2 to 4 km/h increased the hourly cost from 155 to 159.8. L.E/Fed by applying the traditional method for weeding and fertilizing. While by using one pass method for weeding and fertilizing together there was a remarkable drop in hourly costs it was increased from 77.5 to 80 L.E/Fed as the forward speed increased from 2.2 up to 4 km/h respectively. Linear regression analysis was run to derive equations to predict hourly costs at different forward speed during fertilization and weeding treatments and the following equation represented the relationship
Two pass:- y = 2.15x + 161.76 R2 = 0.74
One pass:- y = 1.466x + 74.85 R2 =0.27
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خريطة النبات الطبيعى بمحمية وادى الجمال- حماطة
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*الأستاذ الدكتور/ أحمد عبد السلام على ** الأستاذ/ إسلام سعيد عثمان
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* أستاذ الجيومورفولوجيا بقسم الجغرافيا - جامعة المنوفية ** معيد بقسم الجغرافيا - جامعة المنوفية
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dr_islam_1@yahoo.com
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تقع محمية وادى الجمال – حماطة فى الجزء الجنوبي الشرقي من الصحراء الشرقية ، وتمتد بين دائرتى عرض 05 ʹ 24 ˚ إلى 51 ʹ 24 ˚ شمالاً ، وبين خطى طول 28 ʹ34 ˚ إلى 32 ʹ 35 ˚ شرقا ، وتبلغ مساحتها الإجمالية حوالي 6770 كم2 .
يشمل الجزء البرى مرتفعات البحر الأحمر والصحراء الساحلية، ويعتبر حوض وادى الجمال ودلتاه المحور الأساسى للمحمية ، ويعد وادى الجمال الثالث من حيث المساحة بين الوديان الموجودة فى الصحراء الشرقية التى تصب فى البحر الأحمر، بينما الجزء البحرى شريط من المياة البحرية بعرض 15 كيلو متر تقريباً .
ومن أهم العوامل التى أهّلت منطقة وادى الجمال كمحمية طبيعية هو الغطاء النباتى للمنطقة , أهمها تعدد البيئات الصالحة لنمو النباتات , كما يسهم المناخ بدور كبير فى التنوع النباتى بالمحمية ، ويبدو ذلك ظاهراً فى إختلاف النباتات فى الأودية عنها على قمم المرتفعات فى المحمية ، ويعد النبات أحد أهم أضلاع المثلث الحيوى والعنصر الأكثر إنتاجاً فى المنظومة البيئية ، والتى يعتمد عليها معظم العناصر المشاركة فى تلك المنظومة .
وتسلط هذة الورقة الضوء على البيئات النباتية بالمحمية ، كما تعرض التوزيع الجغرافى للنباتات بالمحمية ، والتى ينقسم إلى التوزيع الجغرافى لنباتات القطاعين البرى والبحرى بالمحمية ، ثم تناقش بشكل مفصل خصائص الأنواع النباتية ومستويات التأقلم البيئى لكلاً من القطاعين البرى والبحرى ، وتنتهى الدراسة بوضع برنامج لإكثار النباتات بالمحمية ومدى الإستفادة منها.
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EFFECT OF USING GIBBERELLIC ACID AND CITRATE POTASSIUM ON CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND COLOR OF STRAWBERRY FRUITS
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Shimaa SALAH, Adel ELMETWALLI and Tarek FOUDA
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Tanta University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering Department, Egypt
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Shimaa2010atia@yahoo.com
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This work was carried to investigate the chemicals characterization of strawberry fruits under using applications of gibberellic acid and citrate potassium on chemical properties of strawberry fruits at private farm in Shoni, Tanta, ELgharbia governorate, Egypt during March and April 2016 The aim of this work to predict maturity stage of strawberry fruits. Also study the change of the chemical properties including the total soluble solid (TSS), pH, acidity, (TSS/acidity), vitamin c and anthocyanin during maturity stage. The obtained results showed that, The lowest value of the total soluble solid (TSS), pH, acidity, (TSS/acidity), vitamin c and anthocyanin were as follow 4.7(Brix,%), 3.12, 0.48(%), 1.85, 15(mg/100g) and 4.84 (mg/100g) while the highest value of these properties were 11.17(Brix,%), 3.63, 3.94(%), 17.92, 104.22(mg/100g) and 23.39 (mg/100g). The pattern of changes was clearly observed from the absorption spectra of the green and red when strawberry is fully ripe the red pig¬ment full the fruit surface (anthocyanin) which measured at wavelength 535 nm.
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THE CHANGES IN PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STRAWBERRY FRUITS DURING MATURITY STAGE UNDER DIFFRENT NUTRITION APPLICATIONS
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Shimaa SALAH, Adel ELMETWALLI and Tarek FOUDA
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Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt
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Shimaa2010atia@yahoo.com
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Egypt ranked the fourth on the world in strawberry production. It is famous vegetable consumed freshly and as processed food in Egypt. The fruits were harvested in immature stage based on the fruit size and skin colour. This work was carried to monitoring the change in physical characterization of strawberry fruits under using applications of gibberellic acid and citrate potassium. Mean dimensions of orange fruits such as length, thickness and the width with mm of the fruits as a digital venire caliper and the means values of different measurement were used for calculating of physical properties. The strawberry fruits tested in laboratory of Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University Egypt during Spring 2016 to predict maturity stage of strawberry fruits. The objective of the present study was to determine some physical properties of strawberry fruits under using different nutrition treatments (gibberellic acid 0,25 ppm)and citrate potassium (0,0.25,0.5 gm/L water) The study was revealed to the following main points:
-The dimension including length, width, thickness and other physical properties such as Arithmetic diameter(Da),Geometric diameter (Dg) and weight . The results revealed that the maximum and the minimum value of these parameters were (45.5, 23.3 mm), (33.56, 19.72 mm), (29.7, 18.18 mm), (37.08, 20.28 mm), (36.52, 20.16mm) and (36.82, 2.3gm), respectively.
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EVALUTION OF SOME CHICK PEA GENOTYPES UNDER SOME SOIL PHOSPHOROUS AVAILABILITY TREATMENTS
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Okaz, A.M.M.;* Fayed, M.H.; * Yasin, H.E.;* El-Sheshtawy, A.A.** and Hussien, H.M.*
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* Agronomy Dept., * *Environment and Bio-Agric. Dept , Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt
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usama20012001@gmail.com
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Two filed experiments were carried out at private Farm, Tanta, El-Gharbia Governorate, Egypt, to study the response of six Chickpea varieties to some nutrients i.e. without added (control), phospharine, humic acid and fulvic acid during the two successive growing winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons. The experimental design was split plot design with three replications. The main plot was devoted to nutrients treatments and the sup- plot contained Chickpea varieties.
Bio-fertilizer phospharine recorded the highest values for no. of pods/plant, seed weight/plant, seeds yield/fed. in both seasons. Giza 1 variety recorded the highest values in both seasons in no. of pods/plant, seed weight/plant, seeds yield/fed. The interaction between phospharine and Giza 1 recorded the highest values for no. of pods/plant, seed weight/plant, seeds yield/fed in both seasons. This study recomended that, the interaction phosphorain , humaice acid with giza 1 recorded the highest seed yield.
Key words: Chickpea, varieties, phospharine, bio-fertilizer, humic acid and fulvic acid
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